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It’s important to not rely on your own assumptions of the way things were when you were their age. Learn as much as you can about legal and illegal drugs, alcohol, marijuana, and vaping with the resources below. Focus on the substances and their long-term effects on youth development, so you can provide kids with helpful facts without being preachy or judgmental. Be aware that social media is not necessarily the best resource for information. Use trusted resources such as NIDA, SAMSHA and the CDC.

These resources are a great way to 

start learning more.

•  The National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence has a variety of campaigns related to underage drinking, tobacco prevention, opioids, marijuana, and more. [Visit link.] 
• Centers for Disease Control: Teen Substance Use & Risks, with data about the prevalence of substance use and the associated risks. [Visit link.] 
• Operation Parent has a helpful video of a recent webinar: Your Teen’s Brain and the Link to Risky Behavior. Other resources, too! [Visit link.]
• AAA (yes, the travel and roadside assistance people) have great facts about substance-impaired driving. [Visit link.]
• New York State: Cannabis Conversations. Tons of information about cannabis, THC, CBD, medical use, and more. [Visit link.] 
• Gateway Foundation: Effects of Drug Abuse and Addiction [Visit link.]

Don’t be afraid to bring it up, honestly and directly. Use everyday opportunities to start a simple conversation. Showing kids that you are comfortable talking about it removes barriers to communication and reduces stigma. Use real-life examples, and speak frankly about the specific substances and questions they may have. When kids feel safe asking you about sensitive or embarrassing topics, you can influence their thinking and behavior.

Genetically, youth are pre-disposed to addiction if it runs in the family, so if substance abuse exists in your family, share that information with them. Be honest about your own use and experience; share what you would do differently. Be clear and direct about your expectations, specifically around substance use. Set an example, and be a role model for your child.

There’s no reason to wait. Here are some tools to help you have the conversation in an age-appropriate way.

• The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration has a national substance use prevention campaign called, “Talk. They hear you.” which helps parents and caregivers start talking with their children early about the dangers of alcohol and other drugs uses. Resources for schools and educators are included, as well. [Visit link.]
• New York State Office of Addiction Services and Supports has a great reference for age-appropriate conversations, from preschool through age 18: Making the Talk Count at Every Age. [Visit link.]
• New York State also offers many resources related to prevention, for parents & caregivers, educators & school staff, and community members. The “Tips for Talking” section offers especially practical advice. [Visit link.]
• Operation Parent offers helpful resources for a variety of topics from gaming and social media use to anxiety and substance use prevention. Resources are organized by age group, so there’s lots to explore! [Visit link.]
• Mental Health America has a helpful page - Talking To Adolescents And Teens: Starting The Conversation. Practical advice, Dos & Don’ts, and more. [Visit link.]

When you know the facts and have honest conversations, you are empowering kids to make good decisions regarding their own health and safety. Encourage them to set goals that are achievable, specific, and positive about not using specific substances and properly using medications. Once they’ve set their own goals, keep them accountable by regularly asking how it’s going and how you can help.

Don't let their guidance come from a source you don't trust. Here are some resources you can use.

•  Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: Keeping Youth Drug Free is a downloadable resource with drug facts, conversation tips, and helpful advice on setting expectations and boundaries with kids of differing ages. [Visit link.]
• Powerful Parenting Prevention in 3 Minutes (YouTube video) from Caron Treatment Centers. “Refusal Skills” [Visit link.]
• KidsHealth has a handy resource for emotions and behavior, with sections on Talking to Your Child About Drugs and Talking to Your Kids About Alcohol, plus many other topics. [Visit link.]